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Shortening   /ʃˈɔrtənɪŋ/  /ʃˈɔrtnɪŋ/   Listen
verb
Shorten  v. t.  (past & past part. shortened; pres. part. shortening)  
1.
To make short or shorter in measure, extent, or time; as, to shorten distance; to shorten a road; to shorten days of calamity.
2.
To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity, or extent; to lessen; to abridge; to curtail; to contract; as, to shorten work, an allowance of food, etc. "Here, where the subject is so fruitful, I am shortened by my chain."
3.
To make deficient (as to); to deprive; with of. "Spoiled of his nose, and shortened of his ears."
4.
To make short or friable, as pastry, with butter, lard, pot liquor, or the like.
To shorten a rope (Naut.), to take in the slack of it.
To shorten sail (Naut.), to reduce sail by taking it in.


Shorten  v. i.  To become short or shorter; as, the day shortens in northern latitudes from June to December; a metallic rod shortens by cold.


noun
Shortening  n.  
1.
The act of making or becoming short or shorter.
2.
(Cookery) That which renders pastry short or friable, as butter, lard, etc.





Collaborative International Dictionary of English 0.48


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"Shortening" Quotes from Famous Books



... of this kind that a recipe is not necessary. The amount of salt to be added depends upon individual taste. Some like to set their yeast working in part potato, part flour. Others use milk instead of water. Some add shortening. And nearly all women believe that their own bread is ...
— Maintaining Health • R. L. Alsaker
... such as tumors or fibrous tissue, producing contraction or stricture, may be causes of obstruction. The colic caused by these conditions is chronic. The attacks occur at gradually shortening intervals and become progressively more severe. Relief is afforded by the use of purgatives that render the feces soft and thin and thus enable them to pass the obstruction, but in time the contracted place is liable ...
— Special Report on Diseases of the Horse • United States Department of Agriculture
... dangling stirrup with the toe of his right foot. Once he almost had it, but missed; the iron, swinging viciously, caught Diablo in the flank—it made little difference, his terror was complete. All the time Porter was kneading the dangling reins back through forefinger and thumb, shortening his hold for a strong pull at ...
— Thoroughbreds • W. A. Fraser
... of the terror his brutishness inspired. Crouching, he extended his huge hand stealthily toward her, as though to seize her. She shrank still further away. Akut's eyes were busy drinking in the humor of the situation—he did not see the narrowing eyes of the boy upon him, nor the shortening neck as the broad shoulders rose in a characteristic attitude of preparation for attack. As the ape's fingers were about to close upon the girl's arm the youth rose suddenly with a short, vicious growl. A clenched ...
— The Son of Tarzan • Edgar Rice Burroughs
... milk and put to 3 pints of Indian meal, and half pint of flower—bake before the fire. Or scald with milk two thirds of the Indian meal, or wet two thirds with boiling water, add salt, molasses and shortening, work up with cold water pretty stiff, and ...
— American Cookery - The Art of Dressing Viands, Fish, Poultry, and Vegetables • Amelia Simmons


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