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Destructive distillation   /dɪstrˈəktɪv dˌɪstəlˈeɪʃən/   Listen
noun
Distillation  n.  
1.
The act of falling in drops, or the act of pouring out in drops.
2.
That which falls in drops. (R.)
3.
(Chem.) The separation of the volatile parts of a substance from the more fixed; specifically, the operation of driving off gas or vapor from volatile liquids or solids, by heat in a retort or still, and the condensation of the products as far as possible by a cool receiver, alembic, or condenser; rectification; vaporization; condensation; as, the distillation of illuminating gas and coal, of alcohol from sour mash, or of boric acid in steam. Note: The evaporation of water, its condensation into clouds, and its precipitation as rain, dew, frost, snow, or hail, is an illustration of natural distillation.
4.
The substance extracted by distilling.
Destructive distillation (Chem.), the distillation, especially of complex solid substances, so that the ultimate constituents are separated or evolved in new compounds, usually requiring a high degree of heat; as, the destructive distillation of soft coal or of wood.
Dry distillation, the distillation of substances by themselves, or without the addition of water or of other volatile solvent; as, the dry distillation of citric acid.
Fractional distillation. (Chem.) See under Fractional.


adjective
Destructive  adj.  Causing destruction; tending to bring about ruin, death, or devastation; ruinous; fatal; productive of serious evil; mischievous; pernicious; often with of or to; as, intemperance is destructive of health; evil examples are destructive to the morals of youth. "Time's destructive power."
Destructive distillation. See Distillation.
Destructive sorties (Logic), a process of reasoning which involves the denial of the first of a series of dependent propositions as a consequence of the denial of the last; a species of reductio ad absurdum.
Synonyms: Mortal; deadly; poisonous; fatal; ruinous; malignant; baleful; pernicious; mischievous.





Collaborative International Dictionary of English 0.48


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"Destructive distillation" Quotes from Famous Books



... Destructive Distillation. When wood is burned without sufficient air, it is changed into soft brittle charcoal, which is very different from wood. It weighs only one fourth as much as the original wood. It is evident that much ...
— General Science • Bertha M. Clark
... distillation of gas from coal for illuminating purposes began in the latter part of the eighteenth century. From this beginning the manufacture of coal-gas has been developed to a great and complex industry. The method is essentially destructive distillation. The coal is placed in a retort and when it reaches a temperature of about 700 deg.F. through heating by an outside fire, the coal begins to fuse and hydrocarbon vapors begin to emanate. These are generally paraffins and olefins. As the temperature increases, these hydrocarbons begin to ...
— Artificial Light - Its Influence upon Civilization • M. Luckiesh


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