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Rough   /rəf/   Listen
adjective
Rough  adj.  (compar. rougher; superl. roughest)  
1.
Having inequalities, small ridges, or points, on the surface; not smooth or plain; as, a rough board; a rough stone; rough cloth. Specifically:
(a)
Not level; having a broken surface; uneven; said of a piece of land, or of a road. "Rough, uneven ways."
(b)
Not polished; uncut; said of a gem; as, a rough diamond.
(c)
Tossed in waves; boisterous; high; said of a sea or other piece of water. "More unequal than the roughest sea."
(d)
Marked by coarseness; shaggy; ragged; disordered; said of dress, appearance, or the like; as, a rough coat. "A visage rough." "Roughsatyrs."
2.
Hence, figuratively, lacking refinement, gentleness, or polish. Specifically:
(a)
Not courteous or kind; harsh; rude; uncivil; as, a rough temper. "A fiend, a fury, pitiless and rough." "A surly boatman, rough as wayes or winds."
(b)
Marked by severity or violence; harsh; hard; as, rough measures or actions. "On the rough edge of battle." "A quicker and rougher remedy." "Kind words prevent a good deal of that perverseness which rough and imperious usage often produces."
(c)
Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating; said of sound, voice, and the like; as, a rough tone; rough numbers.
(d)
Austere; harsh to the taste; as, rough wine.
(e)
Tempestuous; boisterous; stormy; as, rough weather; a rough day. "He stayeth his rough wind." "Time and the hour runs through the roughest day."
(f)
Hastily or carelessly done; wanting finish; incomplete; as, a rough estimate; a rough draught.
Rough diamond, an uncut diamond; hence, colloquially, a person of intrinsic worth under a rude exterior.
Rough and ready.
(a)
Acting with offhand promptness and efficiency. "The rough and ready understanding."
(b)
Produced offhand. "Some rough and ready theory."


noun
Rough  n.  
1.
Boisterous weather. (Obs.)
2.
A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy.
In the rough, in an unwrought or rude condition; unpolished; as, a diamond or a sketch in the rough. "Contemplating the people in the rough."


verb
Rough  v. t.  
1.
To render rough; to roughen.
2.
To break in, as a horse, especially for military purposes.
3.
To cut or make in a hasty, rough manner; with out; as, to rough out a carving, a sketch.
Roughing rolls, rolls for reducing, in a rough manner, a bloom of iron to bars.
To rough it, to endure hard conditions of living; to live without ordinary comforts.


adverb
Rough  adv.  In a rough manner; rudely; roughly. "Sleeping rough on the trenches, and dying stubbornly in their boats."





Collaborative International Dictionary of English 0.48


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"Rough" Quotes from Famous Books



... from ear-ache, and is an interrupted, straining cry, accompanied with a drawing-up of the legs to the belly; the cry of bronchitis is a gruff and phlegmatic cry; the cry of inflammation of the lungs is more a moan than a cry; the cry of croup is hoarse, and rough, and ringing, and is so characteristic that it may truly be called "the croupy cry;" the cry of inflammation of the membranes of the brain is a piercing shriek—a danger signal—most painful to hear; the cry of a child ...
— Advice to a Mother on the Management of her Children • Pye Henry Chavasse
... black hair, brushed straight back from an abnormally high forehead, suggested the face of a student, even a priest. Harker was something of the roused bull-dog, strong, rugged, furious; a product of earth's rough places. ...
— The Man in the Twilight • Ridgwell Cullum
... Testaments would not have been so large had I not recovered before leaving Madrid upwards of two hundred, which had been placed in embargo at Santander and subsequently removed to the capital. On a rough account, therefore, I should say that about three thousand have been sold during the last twelve months in the interior of Spain, for which I give praise to God with the humility and gratitude due. Of those ...
— Letters of George Borrow - to the British and Foreign Bible Society • George Borrow
... see a swift amendment, but I want those parts you praise me for: I fight for all the world? Give me a sword, and thou wilt go as far beyond me, as thou art beyond in years, I know thou dar'st and wilt; it troubles me that I should use so rough a phrase to thee, impute it to my folly, what thou wilt, so thou wilt par[d]on me: that thou and I should ...
— A King, and No King • Francis Beaumont and John Fletcher
... knobs and ravines. Commencing at the mouth of White river on the Wabash, and following up that stream on its east fork, and thence along the Muskakituck, through Jennings and Ripley counties to Lawrenceville, and you leave the rough and hilly portion of Indiana, to the right. Much of the country we have denominated hilly is rich, fertile land, even to the summits of the hills. On all the streams are strips of rich alluvion of exhaustless fertility. The interior, on the two White rivers and tributaries, is moderately undulating, ...
— A New Guide for Emigrants to the West • J. M. Peck


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