Decalcomanie, Decalcomania n. The art or process of transferring pictures and designs to china, glass, marble, etc., and permanently fixing them thereto.
... to be seen correctly when viewed through the paper. The stamps were gummed on the printed side. When they were affixed to an envelope any attempt to soak them off resulted in the paper coming away while the design adhered to the envelope, like a decalcomanie. Essays of this nature were made in a number of countries, including our own, but Prussia was the only one to make and ... — What Philately Teaches • John N. Luff
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